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Julliberrie's Grave is an unchambered earthen Neolithic long barrow in the English county of Kent. It is situated near Chilham overlooking the River Stour on the Julliberrie Downs at Ordnance Survey, . The Stour Valley Walk passes close to the site. It is in length, high and measures at its widest although it was originally longer. Eighteenth century chalk extraction has destroyed the northern end. This lost part is likely to have been where burials would have been placed although the mound may not have contained any inhumations at all. The north-northeast- south-southwest-oriented earthwork has produced some evidence of Neolithic activity at the site but considerably more evidence of later activity. It is one of a number of prehistoric barrows overlooking the Stour Valley including recently identified long barrows at Elmsted and Boughton Aluph and the Jacket's Field long barrow in the Wye Forest along with a number of later round barrows. The Julliberrie name is most likely derived from antiquarian speculation; the folk etymology is that it is the burial site of a giant named Julaber. A popular early explanation was that it was the grave of a Roman tribune, Quintus Laberius Durus, mentioned in Julius Caesar's Gallic Wars as being slain by the Britons and ''Jul Laber'' therefore being a corruption of '(grave of ) Julius' (), Laberius'. ==Background== The Early Neolithic was a revolutionary period in British history. Beginning in the fifth millennium BCE, the British Isles saw a widespread change in lifestyle as communities adopted agriculture as their primary form of subsistence, abandoning the hunter-gatherer lifestyle that had characterised the preceding Mesolithic period.〔Hutton 1991. p. 16.〕 Archaeologists have been unable to prove whether this adoption of farming was because of a new influx of migrants from continental Europe or because the indigenous Mesolithic Britons came to adopt the agricultural practices of continental societies.〔 Between 4500 and 3800 BCE, all of the British Isles came to abandon the Mesolithic hunter-gatherer lifestyle, replacing it with the new agricultural subsistence of the Neolithic Age.〔Hutton 1991. p. 17.〕 There is archaeological evidence of violence and warfare in Early Neolithic Britain from such sites as West Kennet Long Barrow and Hambledon Hill, with some groups constructing fortifications to defend themselves from attackers.〔Hutton 1991. pp. 18–19.〕 Contemporary archaeologists have no direct proof of gender relations on the island at this time, although most believe that it was probably a male-dominated society, in keeping with all recorded societies that practice large-scale animal husbandry.〔Hutton 1991. p. 19.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Julliberrie's Grave」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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